Cybersecurity101: Master the Fundamentals of Cybersecurity and Digital Forensics

Cybersecurity101: Master the Fundamentals of Cybersecurity and Digital Forensics

Welcome to Cybersecurity101, your comprehensive guide to understanding, practicing, and mastering the essentials of cybersecurity and digital forensics. This 11-week hands-on course is designed to equip you with practical skills in both offensive and defensive security, along with digital forensic investigation.


Course Overview:

Duration: 11 Weeks
Weekly Hours: 4 hours per week (2 hours per session)
Focus Areas:

  • Offensive Security (Red Team) strategies

  • Defensive Security (Blue Team) strategies

  • Digital Forensics investigation techniques

  • Hands-on labs and real-world simulations

Week-by-Week Breakdown


Week 1: Introduction to Cybersecurity and Digital Forensics

  • Topics:

    • Cybersecurity overview and course expectations

    • Red team vs. blue team roles

    • Setting up the lab environment

  • Tools to Download:

    1. VirtualBox (Virtualization platform) – Download here

    2. VMware Workstation Player (Free for personal use) – Download here

    3. Kali Linux (Offensive security OS) – Download here

    4. Ubuntu Server (Practice environment) – Download here

    5. Wireshark (Network protocol analyzer) – Download here

Lab Exercise:

  • Network scanning with Nmap

  • Setting up a basic SIEM tool (e.g., ELK Stack)


Week 2: Networking and Threat Identification

  • Topics:

    • Networking fundamentals (OSI/TCP-IP models)

    • Packet inspection and network threats

  • Tools to Download:

    1. Nmap (Network scanner) – Download here

    2. Zenmap (Nmap GUI) – Download here

Lab Exercise:

  • Simulating and mitigating a DDoS attack

  • Firewall rule creation


Week 3: Red Team Strategies – Offensive Security

  • Topics:

    • Reconnaissance and scanning techniques

    • Exploiting vulnerabilities

  • Tools to Download:

    1. OSINT Framework (Open-source intelligence) – Visit here

    2. Metasploit FrameworkDownload here

    3. Nessus Essentials (Free vulnerability scanner for up to 16 hosts) – Download here

Lab Exercise:

  • Conducting reconnaissance using OSINT tools

  • Simulating a phishing attack


Week 4: Exploitation and Privilege Escalation

  • Topics:

    • Crafting custom payloads

    • Privilege escalation in Linux and Windows

  • Tools to Download:

    1. MSFVenom (Payload generation tool within Metasploit)

    2. GTFOBins (Linux privilege escalation cheatsheet) – Visit here

    3. Windows Exploit Suggester (WES-NG)Download here

Lab Exercise:

  • Exploiting SMB vulnerabilities

  • Capturing sensitive data after privilege escalation


Week 5: Blue Team – Defensive Measures

  • Topics:

    • Log analysis and incident detection

    • Configuring intrusion detection systems

  • Tools to Download:

    1. ELK Stack (Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana)Download here

    2. Wazuh (SIEM tool) – Download here

    3. OSSEC (Host-based IDS) – Download here

Lab Exercise:

  • Configure and monitor IDS/IPS alerts

  • Perform live threat detection and response


Week 6: Threat Hunting and Malware Analysis

  • Topics:

    • Threat hunting and intelligence

    • Malware static and dynamic analysis

  • Tools to Download:

    1. VirusTotal (File scanning) – Visit here

    2. Hybrid Analysis (Online malware analysis) – Visit here

    3. Cuckoo Sandbox (Local malware analysis) – GitHub link

    4. YARA (Signature creation) – Website

Lab Exercise:

  • Perform malware analysis in a sandbox environment

  • Extract and analyze IoCs (Indicators of Compromise)


Week 7: Digital Forensics Basics

  • Topics:

    • Evidence acquisition and preservation

    • File system and registry analysis

  • Tools to Download:

    1. FTK Imager (Free Version)Download here

    2. Autopsy (Forensic toolkit) – Website

    3. Volatility Framework (Memory analysis) – GitHub

Lab Exercise:

  • Perform forensic imaging and memory dump analysis

  • Recover deleted files from an acquired image


Week 8: Network and Email Forensics

  • Topics:

    • Analyzing network captures

    • Investigating phishing and malicious email attachments

  • Tools to Download:

    1. Netwitness InvestigatorDownload here

    2. Mail Header Analyzer (MHA)Visit here

    3. PhishToolVisit here

Lab Exercise:

  • Analyze packet captures for potential intrusions

  • Trace phishing emails to their origin


Week 9: Web Application Security and Forensics

  • Topics:

    • Web application attacks (SQL injection, XSS, CSRF)

    • Log analysis for web server breaches

  • Tools to Download:

    1. Burp Suite (Community Edition)Download here

    2. OWASP ZAP (Zed Attack Proxy)Download here

    3. GoAccess (Web log analyzer) – Visit here

Lab Exercise:

  • Perform web vulnerability scanning using OWASP ZAP

  • Detect unauthorized access in web logs


Week 10: Reporting and Presentation of Findings

  • Topics:

    • Writing incident and forensic reports

    • Presenting case studies and findings

  • Tools to Download:

    1. LibreOffice (Open-source office suite) – Download here

    2. Google Docs/Slides (Web-based free office tools) – Visit here

Lab Exercise:

  • Draft and present an incident report

  • Provide mitigation recommendations based on findings


Week 11: Capstone Project – Red vs. Blue Team Simulation

  • Topics:

    • Full-scale red vs. blue team exercise

    • Post-incident debrief and feedback

  • Environment Setup:

    • Use configured virtual machines (Kali, Ubuntu, Windows Server)

    • Capture The Flag (CTF) Platforms:

      1. TryHackMeVisit here

      2. Hack The BoxVisit here

Lab Exercise:

  • Red team: Attempt to compromise a simulated environment

  • Blue team: Defend, detect, and mitigate attacks


Final Assessment:

  • Participation in Labs: 30%

  • Weekly Quizzes: 20%

  • Capstone Project Report and Presentation: 50%


This course is designed to build a solid foundation and provide real-world experience in cybersecurity and digital forensics. Best of luck with your journey in Cybersecurity101! This class will start from June 2025 - August 2025.